Colonial America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Colonial America - Essay Example Each of these city-states or polis had its own customs, laws and way of life (Hornblower et al, 2004). Initially these city-states were ruled by a few wealthy men but gradually the administrative system became democratic. Athens was the largest city-state in Ancient Greece and its society was divided into the upper, middle and lower classes. However despite these differences ancient Greeks were bound by a common heritage and common language just like American people speak a common language. Greek citizens were trained in the arts, music, and they played games represented by the Olympics. There was a system of assemblies in which upper class citizens discussed issues of government and suggested changes, very much like the modern parliament. Ancient Rome was however ruled by an emperor and the Roman government balanced out political power between three different branches comprising of the Executive branch, the Legislative branch and the Judicial branch. The consuls who supervised the S enate and the army controlled the executive branch along with the mayors and tax collectors (Hornblower et al, 2004). Only adults were allowed to vote or elect rulers. The legislative branch consisted of 300 senate members who owned land and were elected by the consuls. The concept of senate members is still a part of the administrative system in America.

The evaluation of adults returning to learning. Essay Example for Free

The evaluation of adults returning to learning. Essay There are many advantages to returning to learning as an adult, which ultimately enables the individual satisfied in many positive aspects. However, amongst the advantages, it is highly probably apprehensible that an adult student will face disadvantages to returning to learning as an adult. There is no such thing as a typical adult student, ergo everyone is unique. Nevertheless, it is possible to formulate conceptualise a broad understanding of the supporting arguments and opposing arguments regarding returning to learning as an adult. Completing an academic course is beneficial to everyone, regardless of age, it grants them a formal qualification formal recognition of their achievements, which can then be presented as proof or persuasion or simply kept as a personal achievement, because earning a qualification can be satisfying within its own right, building self-esteem and confidence. One of the disadvantages to returning to learning as an adult is that adult students appear to be less confident in an academic environment opposed to traditional-aged students, according to a July FOXbusiness article. This is due to an academic environment being unfamiliar to most non-traditional-aged adult college students, most adults have been absent from education for many years, juxtaposed to traditional-ages students, 18 or above, who have entered college or university straight from A-levels. Many adult, non-traditional college students experience fear or discomfort within the classroom due to feeling inadequate despite being more motivated to earn a degree compared to traditional-aged students (adult students are less distracted opposed to younger students -theyve already satisfied their impulsive urges within in their youth adults a more likely to appreciate the aspect of education more so than younger students) , according to the statistics in the July FOXbusiness article. One could perceive this as disadvantageous, however, it is more logical to perceive this as a opportunity rather than a limitation. Returning to education as an adult enables an opportunity to learn a superlative piece of skill, confidence. Many adults who return to learning have lost their confidence due to the negative perceptions they have of themselves, however, studying will develop and enhance ones confidence, skills and qualifications. Studying bestow’s upon the adult the ability to adapt to new social situations and the opportunity to trust your own abilities, ergo, to indulge within the self-belief that comes from completing a course successfully, which is advantageous. Amongst other advantages, making new friends isnt a prime reason for enrolling upon a course, but many adults appreciate this as an added bonus. Linked to the gaining the importance of confidence, discovering new people who are in a similar situation with mutual interests is an effective way, of an adult who may have negative perceptions of oneself, of realising that the world around them isnt as alienating as they perceive, ergo, returning to education as an adult presents an opportunity to find yourself, which is certainly advantageous. Besides that, returning to learning as an adult has a functional advantage. It can increase career prospects and earning potential. Despite recent difficulties faced by graduates and school-leavers, it remains the case that people with academic or vocational qualifications are more likely to be employed. Adults particularly find that returning to education increases their opportunity choices regarding career. Also, abiding by national statistics, in 2001, research conducted by LSE found that by gaining a degree a woman can earn up to 26% more than a woman who does not continue her education beyond A LEVELS. A man can earn about 23% more by completing a degree course. Another advantage for adults who are returning to learning is that education for some is a means to escape the familiar routines that they commit to. Many adults may be unhappy or perhaps many adults might be experience the sense of being unfulfilled in their working or social environments. These negative emotions, lead to unwanted actions such as; relationships being affected negatively with others. On the other hand, when an individual is happy feeling fulfilled, relationships improve. Some adults find that unhappiness or stress at work leads to arguments at home. Once education has been used as a means to escape this unhappy working environment, the arguments lessen or disappear completely. Adults find also that relationships with their children improve – they feel more of an affinity with their children, understanding the stresses and strains which are places on them within the education system. Thusly, returning to learning as an adult is advantageous regarding the improvement of relationships through heightening the perception of ones self-worth and therefor, feeling fulfilled. On the contrary however, returning to education has the capability to negatively affect relationships. Returning to school as an adult requires juggling class schedules with family life, work and other personal commitments. Mature students articulate concerns about finding enough time for family members and how to deal with a partner who may not appreciate the idea, according to Deborah Neuheisel, an adult student adviser for the University of Wisconsin-Barron County. One imperative disadvantage to returning to learning as an adult are the financial limitations. An adult may have responsibilities that conventional aged students might not have, such as bills or perhaps a family to provide for. However, the challenge of finding adequate resources to fund a college education provides strong motivation to finish the effort. As a result, adult students are more likely to understand the value of an education and better positioned to focus on what they want to learn. Furthermore, there are sources of government funding that an adult student is entitled to such as, grants and bursaries. Ultimately, it is most advantageous to return to an academic environment as an adult, if required, it will supply one with a formal acknowledgement of achievement which can be used to increase career prospects but amongst all other functions, it enables one the opportunity to stimulate the brain, divert from conventional routine, be given a voice and opportunity to put their thoughts and values forward the opportunity to inspire be inspired.

Leadership Comparison: Vijay Mallaya and Bill Gates

Leadership Comparison: Vijay Mallaya and Bill Gates When we think about leadership, a range of thoughts cross our mind: The leader as a hero or a great man who accomplishes a major goal against all odds for his/her followers or a leader as a rare and charismatic individual with extra-ordinary qualities and a grand vision. In fact, according to some scholars, the history of the world is the history of great men. The great-man theory of leadership continues to be of popular interest to showcase individual leadership in the political and corporate world. Leadership was based on the study of people who are already great leaders. These people awere often from the aristocracy, as few from low classes had the opportunity to lead. This contributed from the notation that leadership something to do with breeding. We all recognize that some of the greatest leaders known to humanity have been the founders of various religions. The Buddha, Confucius, Jesus Christ, and Prophet Mohammad are fine examples of religious leadership. On the other hand, Alexander the Great, Chenghiz Khan and Napoleon Bonaparte, for instance, exemplify Individual leadership includes living in quality and balance, the way your personal values, understand responsibility of their lives, living with a sense of purpose and moving towards a personal vision. Personal leadership is a fundamental of all the leadership contexts, the basic meaning is, if youre not able to lead yourself efficiently, youll be not able to lead others effectively. All leaders need to manage team variables, manage team system and personalities, in a way that motivate each team member, to put efforts according to their unique abilities. Great team leaders build teams consisting of individuals, where each ones strengths compensates for anothers weakness, making an aligned high performance team. Building upon the team leadership practice, Leadership builds alignment between team members, making sure the successful completion of strategy. The practice of leadership is basically about making alignment, improving strategies, staying alert and focused communication and making inter personal relationships. I understand that in best quality business unit, leadership is necessary to ensure the successful execution of corporate strategies. Where there are not very fine and specific characteristics that define a leader, there are a many qualities of leadership that are valuable in leaders.All these may include commitment, integrity, honesty, sincerity, humility, courage, passion, confidence, positivity, wisdom, determination, compassion, sensitivity, and personal charisma. These are not all the things that leader may possess, but they turn out to be some of the qualities of a leader and are often shown by their actions. It is seen leadership is mostly about behavior, and this behavior will never be different from others without acting on innovative ideas.Innovation is the only way to challenge difficulties. We always believed that a great leader is able to shift and motivate others from a static life to one of great variably changing views, beliefs and values. All these changes eventually lead to actions which are what leadership is thriving to change! Styles of leadership Efficient leaders bother not only about whether they looser win, but even about how they proffered to play the game. Finally, the personal choice that we always and must make about is whether to engage ones mind that of authority or that of leadership can tell our own career future as well as people around around us. Its been seen the famous industrialist emphasize the difference between the authoritative and nurturing leadership styles as the hard and soft components of management. They thrive on a leading process by an exercise of combining analysis and comprehension of the matters present and future. Leaders judge challenges but they will never turn challenges into fears. They maximize opportunity but will never turn opportunity into adventure. They have a total knowledge of thin line between risk and reward as they push ahead towards prosperity and progress. Styles (htt2) Good leaders will use all three styles depending on all situations with only a minor difference to their natural style. Poor leaders will generally stick with one style and not adjust for different situations limiting their influence greatly and it can be one out of these. Autocratic Participative Free reign Authoritarian style where are decisions are centralized as in dictatorship. No suggestion and advises are entertain or encouraged. It is a successful and practiced to provide strong motivations to managers in any organization. The outcomes are quick decision making as there is only one person to make decisions for ever one and it is retained to himself unless he feels the need to be shared. Democratic style is a style contrary to the above one. Here this style favors decision making by group as in leaders generates instructions after a consulting a group or group of professional. They can seek co-operation from a group or professional and motivate them by their involvement in goals. The outcomes of the democratic leader are not serotype as with the autocrat because they arise from consultation with the group members and participation by them. Free rein style a free reign leader will lead by leaving the decesions to its co-workers and subordinates i.e., they are providing a freedom deciding their own way of doing things and policies. Different scenario style can be applied in different situations. In an emergency where there is little time an autocratic style is best suitable however in a motivated and homogenous team democratic would be more suitable. The practice of organizational leadership includes developing plan and direction, pointing changes and managing cultural transformation. Organizational leadership is important to manage the fit between the external, variable marketplace and the internal companys processes to develop organizational resilience. The following is my list of the characteristics of a good leader: (htt1) Vision leaders must have a good and clear vision. They must believe in them self and can motivate people in believing and following them. There vision for things is what it could be not what they are. Wise leaders have to go for critical calls are difficult points. A leader has to be wise and knowledgeable in order to make a correct call for a successful organization. They are strategic, wise and perceptive. Passionate good leaders are very passionate aabout their work and people. There obsession makes them entirely focused on what they do it may be sports hobby or business. They operate in a high level of passion that they get totally consumed in it. Compassionate good leaders have compassion for the people, employs and supporters. While these leaders have goals to accomplish, they consistently care for the individuals that support them. They are not selfish and have hear for people they follow. Charismatic most good leaders are charming and they draw the attention of the people by the way they talk and the way they carry themselves. They are excellent in building relations and maintaining them. Persistent they have strong will power towards their goal. They anticipate the problem towards their goals. They see that the advantage of attaining their goals is larger than that of the problems that occurred. This makes them intensely persistent individuals. Great communicators they are comfortable in public speaking and inspiring. They are great orator and persuaders. Integrity good leaders mean there words what they say. They dont play political games. Daring they are bold. A great leader saidcourage is the virtue on which all virtue rest on. Winston Churchill. Disciplined Most good leaders are very controlled in their goals. Where most would be simply distracted, good leaders discipline their minds to keep focused and steady regardless of the situation. In my opinion two great business leaders are VIJAY MALLAYA (htt4) Call him The king of good times or the liquor Baron, this charismatic personalitys name is a complete introduction in itself. Story his life narrates countries, time zones, cars and careers. He says and believes in living the life-king size. His strong vision and guts to take on difficult and new challenges in life always gave him an image of great leader over other business leaders and tycoons. He is the person who changed the common view about a multi-national company. Referred to as Indias Richard Branson. A great part of the personality of the Kingfisher brand is based on Mallyas personality. He is considers to been an ethical leader. He is honored for having alone changed the image of his beer from a commodity to a new lifestyle brand. The Kingfisher commands a 29% share of the beer market in India and is sold in over 52 countries Vijay Mallya is considered to be a flamboyant CEO of United Breweries -that owns the Kingfisher brand is one of the most flamboyant CEOs in Asia. He has built a reputation for spending extravagantly his money in the public trusts. Even he is seen as a vary parotic person. He won the bid of the Kohinoor diamond in England, which is worth of millions of dollars and donated it to the Indian government. His mission statement reflects all of the leadership style mentioned above in this article. Mission Statement from the Tycoon We constitute a large, global group based in India. We associate with world leaders in order to adopt technologies and processes that will enable a leadership position in a large spectrum of activities. We are focused on assuming leadership in all our target markets. We seek to be the most preferred employer wherever we operate. We recognize that our organization is built around people who are our most valuable asset. We will always be the partner of choice for customers, suppliers and other creators of innovative concepts. We will continually increase the long-term value of our Group for the benefit of our shareholders. We will operate as a decentralized organization and allow each business to develop within our stated values. We will be a major contributor to our National Economy and take full advantage of our strong resource base. We commit ourselves to the ongoing mission of achieving Scientific Excellence BILL GATES (htt7) From Microsofts founding in 1975 until 2006, Gates had primary responsibility for the companys product strategy. He enthusiastically broadened the companys range of products, and he carried Microsoft in all the hard and critical times very finely. As an executive, Gates kept consisting meetings with Microsofts senior managers and department managers. It is often seen him interrupting the presentations with comments such as, Thats the stupidest thing Ive ever heard! and, Why dont you just give up your options and join the Peace Corps? The intentions of his behavior then had to defend the proposal in detail until, hopefully, he was fully satisfied. When subordinates appeared to be procrastinating, he used sarcasm as his tool, Ill do it over the weekend. In 2006, Gates announced that he would change his day-to-day role over the next two years and to dedicate more time to philanthropy. Why bill gates (htt5) Focus: He has shown over nearly 30 years the vitality of clarity of thought and execution. Thinking big: Together with focus, the capability to dream big and carry it with single-minded determination, keep him apart from other leaders and entrepreneurs. Passion: Simple way of doing things. If anything is worth doing, it is worth doing well. From a simple thank you note to a complex proposal, it is important to do with excellence on whatever it takes. Learning as a life-long process: although he dropped out college while pursuing to his dreams, he has probably read and written much more than most of us ever will. Giving back to society: The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has provided a new dimension to philanthropy by addressing issues that are global in nature malaria, cancer, AIDS. Part B Poor Communication by senior management: Poor communication brings ineffective work culture and the employees can be distracted from goals. Managements expectation would be different from what an employee would understand. This will draw a strained relationship between an employee and an employer. Office politics: Different people have different state of mind. Most of them who are skillful workers dont want to indulge in any kind of politics. Forced to do that result in inefficient work which brings frustration in employee and employer too. Lack of team work: every member of a team has a task assigned to achieve a single goal. If any member of team lack in his work, it can affect the whole team. This can create a friction among team member in an organization. The use of politically correct language: the use of informal language can be offensive to some of them. It may not be appropriate at places where people from different culture are working. If people in an organization will not have good will among others, it can end up frustrating some of the colleges. Nosy co-workers: back biting and sneaking into other peoples work is a frustration for most of the employees. Employees will be uncomfortable to work and it will bring uneasiness among them. BIBLOGRAPHY (n.d.). Retrieved from http://learnthis.ca/2009/01/leadership-understanding-what-it-is/ (n.d.). Retrieved from http://hubpages.com/hub/Good-Leadership-10-Characteristics-Good-Leader (n.d.). Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadership (n.d.). Retrieved from http://rajesshcherian.wordpress.com/2008/11/25/dr-vijay-mallya-journey-of-an-entrepreneur-to-business-tycoon/ (n.d.). Retrieved from http://rajesshcherian.wordpress.com/2008/11/25/dr-vijay-mallya-journey-of-an-entrepreneur-to-business-tycoon/ (n.d.). Retrieved from http://blogs.hbr.org/krishnamurthy/2008/06/bill-gates-entrepreneur-manage.html http://www.spp.nus.edu.sg/docs/events/2005/Seminar_Vinayak_Rao_Paper.pdf

A Satire of Life as Performed by Monkeys Essay -- Literary Analysis, S

He was a visionary, an artist, an illusionist like no other: William Shakespeare. Shakespeare, a master at his craft, believed that â€Å"all the world’s a stage†; Ralph Ellison seems to agree. Ellison crafts a world in which the narrator of the Invisible Man learns through his experiences with performances and exile that true power can only be wielded by people uninhibited by the strict routines of society. The narrator is completely powerless and exiled from freedom in the theatre called school. He is the pride of the young black boys, bright and college-bound. His speech given at his high school about â€Å"social responsibility† is obviously well thought out and fleshed with purpose and meaning, but because of the shallow nature of the entire ceremony, he is mostly ignored (30). The crowd homes in on exactly what they want to hear. His rehearsed lines deteriorate into a reading from a crudely-made teleprompter that displays no more than three syllables at a time. His speech about the values of social harmony go mostly ignored or overlooked by the crowd until he makes a mistake and openly reveals his beliefs. His carefully dictated speech, filled with ideas of societal acceptance and â€Å"social equality,† is harshly criticized and undermined by the racist, white men who act as though they are friendly to the narrator, but turn vicious at the sign of such radical, free thinking from the black boy (31). At the front of the hall, he is exiled and alone while attempting to speak out for what he believes in. He learns that he’s â€Å"got to know [his] place at all times† with the white men (31). He understands that the whole ceremony is a farce and no one is actually there to listen to a young black boy speak. Nevertheless, he is forced to stand ... ...that people threw at him hoping that eventually they would just forget about him and leave him alone. He has then embraced the idea that now â€Å"on the lower frequencies, [he speaks] for [everyone]† (581). His exile to the underground has stripped him of his previous identity and possessions, but he emerges strong empowered by his invisibility. Ralph Ellison, in his novel Invisible Man provides a view of a character whose identity has been shaped by his experiences as an actor on the metaphorical stage of life and exile from various groups he’s been a part of. Through school, Brother Clifton’s Sambo doll, Rineheart, and his exile underground, the narrator has been able to shed his misconceptions about the world and grow into a person possessing both freedom and free thought in a society full of mindless drones that are enslaved by the systems that they are a part of.

E.e. Cummings, Poem, Anyone Li Essay -- essays research papers

E.E. Cummings "anyone lived in a pretty how town" I first read this poem and I thought of love, two people in love. Anyone and noone are in love and that is what matters to them, to be in love with each other and with life. It involves the day, the night, and how the weather changes. The seasons revolve and the children grow up to become adults. As I read the poem I realized there were three sections to it. Which consist of anyone and noone, "women and men" in line four, and the children. The first stanza is strange the first time you read it. You do not understand "anyone" is a person and not just anyone. I believe that line six is referring to all of the adults in the town, Cummings does not want us to think of the town people as separate people but as a whole group undistinguishable from on another. This is told in line five where it states "little and small", he is grouping them in very close together. The children are separated into there own group. As they grow through the seasons in lines ni ne, ten, and eleven, they pass on into adulthood. They in essence no longer exist in the poem. The bells ringing might have something to do with them becoming adults, since I do not see them relating to any other parts of the poem. The bells seem to be an important part of the town since they are mentioned in the second line of the poem and those exact lines are repeated in line twenty-four, sixth stanza of th...

Leadership Styles in Professional Nursing Essay

According to Hood (as cited in Agnes, 2005) â€Å"Leadership is defined as a process of influencing others or guiding or directing others to attain mutually agreed upon goals† (p. 457). This paper will describe four different leadership styles, and the effectiveness of each style as dependent upon the situation. Review of the Professional Nursing Literature All nurses are leaders but may not recognize the different types of leadership or traits of an effective leader (Sims, 2009). There are four leadership styles to consider, the first one is autocratic or authoritarian. The autocratic leader is someone who usually needs to dominate others. The autocratic approach is often one-sided and the leader is likely attempting to achieve a single goal or objective (Sims, 2009). Autocratic leadership is a behavior in which a leader makes choices with no involvement from any peers, regardless if those ideas are better suited for the organization. This type of leader requires constant pressure and direction to get the task done. This type of leader provides clear expectations for what, when, and how a process should be done without consulting employees. Organizations that have this type of leader tend to see a high turn-over of employees and absenteeism for the simple fact that employees don’t feel valued. This approach would not be the way to get the best performance from the team. The implementation of this style of leadership could be used in a situation where an immediate decision needs to be made such as a crisis in an emergency room. The second leadership style is democratic or participative. This style is one that encourages employees to be a part of the decision making process. This type of leader keeps employees informed about everything that affects the work being done, and shares in the problem solving situation. A drawback of this type of leader is that the leader could be viewed as not being able to make a decision; therefore, the employees may not respect this style and view this leader as not being a true leader. The democratic leader uses the team approach and is the coach in the process, but has the final say when the group comes to a consensus. Implementation of a democratic leadership style can best be executed in a situation where a process or practice change is needed, such as documentation on electronic medical records. With this leadership style the leader can get staff ideas and suggestions for a smooth transition to the change. This not only increases job satisfaction by involving team members, but it also helps to develop people’s skills. This method inspires a group effort, but it can take lots of time for the leader to develop and come to an end to the topic at hand (Sims, 2009). The leader may spend a lot of time in discussions, sending emails, or scheduling meetings. This leader may be happy to do this to see that staff are working together to achieve a better outcome, but it can also be a time-consuming process. A good democratic leader encourages staff participation, is supportive, but never loses sight that the leader is the one responsible for the final decision. This leader must accept that the outcome may turn out differently than originally planned. Transactional leadership is the third style, and is one where the leader focuses on the day to day tasks of the team, and makes sure that the work is completed. Transactional leadership is really a type of management, not a true leader style, because the focus is on short-term tasks. Transactional leaders set a goal, provide directions, and then reward the employee if performance is met at an acceptable level (McGuire & Kennerly, 2006). Transactional leadership style can best be used when a state survey is taking place and if successful, then reward will be given to the employees. These leaders use this style to get the desired outcomes. Transactional leaders give tasks to be done by the employee, and if it’s done wrong then the employee is accountable. If the task is completed to this leader’s standard, then the employee is rewarded. This type of leader doesn’t focus on the staff’s needs, or personal development, instead the staff must adhere to what the leader wants. Transactional leaders often work under the assumption that if everything is working fine, then there is no need to fix anything. Under this type of leader, there is no interest in change, and the employee will not feel any job satisfaction. The fourth leadership style is the transformational leader. This style of leadership is one that’s very appropriate in many corporate situations because of the wide range of abilities and approaches that are drawn upon. This style focuses on the leader and the employee working together for a common goal. This type of leader has a vision for the organization, and inspires employees to solve problems creatively in a way that provides support and encouragement without diminishing the nursing role (Kleinman, 2004). Transformational leaders have several traits that inspire the employee to utilize the strengths to improve the team, have better staff satisfaction, and reduce stress (Weberg, 2010). Transformational leaders are coaches, or mentors; they show respect, have empathy, and utilize individual leader skills to promote change. These leaders are very energetic and passionate about the job, and concerned about all staff in succeeding. These leaders set good examples, clear goals, and recognizes good work from the team. Transformational leaders should remain a part of the team and share in the work load to better understand the team’s viewpoint. With this leader style, there is a higher level of committed employees, reduced stress, and increased morale (Dunham & Klafehn, 1990). This in turn creates an employee who will provide a positive outlook when change is taking place and increases employee job satisfaction. Application of Clinical Example A clinical example of when transformational leader style would work best is when an organization is going through a change process, such as the way report is given. Transformational leaders motivate staff to work towards a greater good and create a positive change (Dunham & Klafehn, 1990). Many nurses don’t like change in the way care is provided, but when it’s important for patient safety change is inevitable.

Does internet affect today”s children for good or bad? Essay

Internet affect today’s children in both for good and for bad. It affect them in a good way, like affecting their mental ability, because, it helps them in researching homeworks and projects or reports..and that makes them get higher scores or points at class†¦and it makes them smart too, and makes them wise too, because there are lots of difficult and uneasy ways to use computer, that makes them more confuois and want to know more about it, and try to know those things. And it affect them in a bad way too, children nowadays, are affected bt this most in a bad way. Because some children uses the internetjust for fun, like entering sites that is not for them, and searching sex videos, that makes them confuois if what it really feels when doing it, thats why lots of teenagers, specially girls, are affected by it, they are already pregnant with just the age of 16 or 17. Boys are addicted to computer games that affects their studies, their presence of mind in class, cause they get excited in dismissed, because they want to paly computer, they keep on asking money to their parents just to play games on internet, and if their parents wont give them some money, they’ll get mad and talk back to their parents†¦and it also affect their health, especially their eyes, and they almost dont eat meals just to play in the internet. So i can say that internet really affects today’s children. But they are affected most in the bad way.